Parkinson’s Disease is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting people age 50 and above. It is caused by the loss of dopamine-producing brain cells thus leading to the primary signs and symptoms majority of which is tremor. This is a chronic progressive disorder meaning it worsens as the disease progresses. The symptoms of PD varies from person to person but the most common of these is tremor. Trembling of the hands, arms, legs, face, and jaw are noted accompanied by stiffness of the trunk and extremities. There is also impairment in balance and coordination (postural instability) and slowness of movement (bradykinesia). As the disease progresses, the symptoms begin to interfere with daily activities. Difficulty in talking, swallowing, chewing, and other simple tasks are noted. There can also be sleep problems, skin problems, urinary problems and constipation. Treatment for PD is only symptomatic. Levodopa is given to allow the brain cells to replenish its supply of dopamine. It helps reduce bradykinesia and stiffness but it produces dyskinesia or involuntary movement as side effect. To reduce dyskinesia, bradykinesia, gait problems and tremors, surgery is done. Electrodes are implanted inside the brain and these are connected to an electrical device. This procedure is called deep brain stimulation (DBS). Other drugs that can be given to reduce symptoms are anticholinergics and amantadine, an antiviral drug. Labels: Parkinson’s Disease |
