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| Pneumonia |
Pneumonia is a very common inflammation of the lungs. It occurs when our body defenses fail to protect us allowing microorganisms to enter our lungs, invade our air sacs and cause infection. Our white blood cells will try to fight the invading microorganisms and will rush to the site. The accumulation of these different substances in the affected area will lead to inflammation.
The condition is common in immunocompromised individuals such as those with HIV, diabetes, chronic lung problems, and cardiovascular diseases. It is also common in those whose spleen had been removed, in chronic smokers, heavy alcohol drinkers, and those exposed to lung irritants, toxic fumes, or air pollution.
The signs and symptoms vary depending on the cause. Bacterial pneumonia may present with fever, chest pain, and productive cough. Viral pneumonia may have similar symptoms with dry cough initially and later the cough may become productive with white phlegm. Fungal (Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) cause is usually seen in immunocompromised individuals. Mycoplasma on the other hand has milder symptoms.
Treatment may include use of antibiotics, paracetamol, cough suppressants, and pain relievers when necessary. The treatment usually depends on the type of pneumonia and its severity. It is also important to rest and to increase fluid intake. |
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